505 model 12 faisal

Antibiotic Use in Healthcare

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Overview of “Antibiotic Use in Healthcare”

Because antibiotic usage directly affects patient outcomes and public health, particularly
in light of the growing concern of antibiotic resistance, it is a crucial problem in healthcare.
Antibiotic abuse and misuse in healthcare settings have resulted in the evolution of resistant
microorganisms, which increases the risk of treatment failures, hospitalizations, and death, as
well as the difficulty of treating infections. It is crucial to comprehend attitudes, behaviors, and
the underlying reasons for the improper use of antibiotics to design effective treatments to lessen
this worldwide health catastrophe.

Reasons for Selecting Each Reference
1. Ashiru-Oredope et al. (2021): This study investigates healthcare workers’ knowledge,
attitudes, and behaviors regarding antibiotics and resistance across 30 EU/EEA countries.
It provides a broad perspective on the variations in antibiotic use, focusing on the
healthcare workforce’s role in antibiotic stewardship.
2. Tompson, Manderson, & Chandler (2021): The authors delve into the social and
structural factors that influence antibiotic use, exploring the interplay between healthcare
practices and networks. This article is essential for understanding how antibiotic use is
embedded within broader healthcare systems, helping inform targeted interventions.
3. Chen et al. (2021): This systematic review examines risk factors for antibiotic resistance
in Chinese healthcare settings. The article is significant because it highlights the specific
environmental and healthcare factors contributing to resistance, allowing comparisons
with global trends.

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4. Curren et al. (2022): This article advances the understanding of diagnostic stewardship
about healthcare-associated infections, antibiotic resistance, and sepsis. It is precious
because it integrates the diagnostic component into antibiotic use, an often overlooked
but crucial part of resistance management.
5. Lagadinou et al. (2023): This empirical study investigates healthcare workers’
knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotic use and resistance in Greece. Its inclusion adds
geographic diversity and insight into the healthcare workforce’s impact on antibiotic
practices in a European setting.
6. Nahar et al. (2020): The qualitative study in Bangladesh examines inappropriate
antibiotic dispensing by qualified and unqualified healthcare providers. This article is
vital for understanding the challenges in low-resource settings where regulatory oversight
may be weaker, leading to higher risks of antibiotic misuse.
7. Slimings & Riley (2021): This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the
relationship between antibiotic use and healthcare facility-associated Clostridioides
difficile infection. It highlights the unintended consequences of antibiotic overuse in
hospitals and its role in promoting dangerous secondary infections.
8. Sulis et al. (2020): A secondary data analysis of standardized patient studies from India,
China, and Kenya, this article addresses antibiotic overuse in primary healthcare settings.
Understanding the global scope of the problem is critical, particularly in diverse
healthcare environments with varying access to antibiotics.
9. Sychareun et al. (2021): This mixed-methods study looks at healthcare providers’
practices regarding antibiotic use during pregnancy and childbirth in Lao PDR. This

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article is unique because it addresses antibiotic use in maternal and neonatal care,
providing insights into how antibiotics are managed in vulnerable populations.
10. Ya et al. (2023): This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the association
between antimicrobial stewardship programs and antibiotic use globally. Its inclusion is
essential as it evaluates the effectiveness of interventions to reduce antibiotic misuse,
which is crucial for developing evidence-based policies.

Conclusion

The issue of antibiotic use in healthcare is complex and affects many different healthcare
systems and environments. This research, which includes ten articles, examines the significant
factors influencing antibiotic practices, such as the behavior of healthcare workers, diagnostic
procedures, and systemic problems. Taken as a whole, these studies offer a thorough
understanding of antibiotic use and resistance and suggest possible directions for improved
stewardship and the development of healthcare policies.

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References
Ashiru-Oredope, D., Hopkins, S., Vasandani, S., Umoh, E., Oloyede, O., Nilsson, A., … &
Monnet, D. L. (2021). Healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours with
respect to antibiotics, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance across 30 EU/EEA countries
in 2019. Eurosurveillance, 26(12), 1900633.
Chen, Q., Li, D., Beiersmann, C., Neuhann, F., Moazen, B., Lu, G., & Müller, O. (2021). Risk
factors for antibiotic resistance development in healthcare settings in China: a systematic
review. Epidemiology & Infection, 149, e141.
Curren, E. J., Lutgring, J. D., Kabbani, S., Diekema, D. J., Gitterman, S., Lautenbach, E., … &
McDonald, L. C. (2022). Advancing diagnostic stewardship for healthcare-associated
infections, antibiotic resistance, and sepsis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 74(4), 723-728.
Lagadinou, M., Tsami, E., Deligakis, A., Paraskevas, T., Michailides, C., Velissaris, D., … &
Marangos, M. (2023). Knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers towards antibiotic
use and antimicrobial resistance in two major tertiary hospitals in Western
Greece. Antibiotics, 12(11), 1583.
Nahar, P., Unicomb, L., Lucas, P. J., Uddin, M. R., Islam, M. A., Nizame, F. A., … & Rousham,
E. K. (2020). What contributes to inappropriate antibiotic dispensing among qualified and
unqualified healthcare providers in Bangladesh? A qualitative study. BMC Health
Services Research, 20, 1-11.
Slimings, C., & Riley, T. V. (2021). Antibiotics and healthcare facility-associated Clostridioides
difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis 2020 update. Journal of
Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 76(7), 1676-1688.

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Sulis, G., Daniels, B., Kwan, A., Gandra, S., Daftary, A., Das, J., & Pai, M. (2020). Antibiotic
overuse in the primary health care setting: a secondary data analysis of standardised
patient studies from India, China and Kenya. BMJ Global Health, 5(9), e003393.
Sychareun, V., Sihavong, A., Machowska, A., Onthongdee, X., Chaleunvong, K., Keohavong,
B., … & Lundborg, C. S. (2021). Knowledge, Attitudes, Perception and Reported
Practices of Healthcare Providers on Antibiotic Use and Resistance in Pregnancy,
Childbirth and Children under Two in Lao PDR: A Mixed Methods
Study. Antibiotics, 10(12), 1462.
Tompson, A. C., Manderson, L., & Chandler, C. I. R. (2021). Understanding antibiotic use:
practices, structures and networks. JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 3(4), dlab150.
Ya, K. Z., Win, P. T. N., Bielicki, J., Lambiris, M., & Fink, G. (2023). Association between
antimicrobial stewardship programs and antibiotic use globally: a systematic review and
meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open, 6(2), e2253806-e2253806.

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