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ETHICS: DO NO HARM
Researchers in psychology (including students) must follow the American Psychological Association’s
(APA’s) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct to protect the rights and welfare of
research participants and ensure no harm will come to them. Furthermore, an institutional review board
(IRB) committee must review and approve all research studies involving humans and/or animals before
the study begins. It is the IRB committee’s responsibility to evaluate proposed research studies per the
APA’s ethical principles and codes of conduct as well as to assess the possible benefits and risks of the
studies.
An effective way to develop your research skills is to analyze sample studies. For this Assignment, you
will review brief research descriptions, identify and address ethical issues, and apply an alternative
research methodology.
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RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Cozby, P. C., & Bates, S. C. (2024). Methods in behavioral research (15th
ed.). McGraw Hill.
Readings
To prepare:
Review Chapter 3.
Read all five of the following research studies and select one for your Assignment.
1. A researcher was studying initial interactions between people. While two students were
waiting in a room for an experiment to begin, the researcher covertly videotaped their
actions and conversation. Afterward, the researcher told the students about the video
recording and gave them the opportunity to have the tape erased.
2. A researcher worked for a time on the production line of a large manufacturing plant to
study efficiency. His status as a researcher was unknown to his coworkers. It was not
until he was about to conclude his research that he revealed his purpose and identity to
his coworkers.
3. To study what types of people are most likely to give money to a stranger, people on city
streets were asked for money by a researcher who said he had just lost his wallet. No
one was ever told that he or she was part of a research project.
4. To study the effects of alcohol on decision making, a graduate student interviewed college
students after they had left a campus bar. With a portable breathalyzer, he registered
their blood alcohol levels. Although some of them were found to be intoxicated beyond
the legal state limits—and many of them were going to be driving home—he did not
inform them of their blood alcohol levels.
5. Participants interacted for an hour with another person who was an accomplice of the
researcher. After this interaction, both people agreed to return the following week for
another session with each other. When the real participants returned, they were informed
that the person they had interacted with the week before had died. The researchers then
measured reactions to news of the death of the person.
For the scenario you selected:
Assess possible ethical issues related to the APA Ethics Code: Five Principles (A, B, C, D, E) and
identify two that you will use for this Assignment.
Conduct a risk-benefit analysis, including, but not limited to, factors such as physical or
psychological harm, stress and distress, confidentiality and privacy, consent, debriefing. Consider
whether deception (active or passive) was used or not used. Determine if the study poses a
rating of “no risk,” “minimal,” or “greater risk.”
Chapter 3, “Ethics in Behavioral Research”
PSYC_3003_Week2_Assignment_Rubric
Consider alternative strategies that could have been used to minimize the possible risks and/or
ethical issues (i.e., what changes could make the study ethical).
Submit a 1- to 2-page paper that responds to the following:
Select one of the five research scenarios and complete the following for the study you selected. Do
not reproduce the scenario in your response, instead indicate your study selection with a number
(e.g., Scenario #3). For the scenario you selected:
Describe the first possible ethical issue and explain how it would violate a specific APA Ethics
Code (A, B, C, D, or E), and propose what the researcher could have done differently to remedy
the issue.
Describe the second possible ethical issue and explain how it would violate a specific APA Ethics
Code (A, B, C, D, or E), and propose what the researcher could have done differently to remedy
the issue.
Provide a summary of the results of your risk-benefit analysis, and your overall rating (e.g.,
minimal risk), of the scenario before and after your proposed changes.
Note: Support your responses within your Assignment with evidence from the assigned Learning
Resources. Provide a reference list for resources you used for this Assignment. Use APA style for in-
text citations and references.
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your
draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
1. To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as
WK2Assgn_LastName_FirstInitial
2. Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
3. Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
BY DAY 7
SUBMISSION INFORMATION
Criteria Ratings Pts
Description/explanation
of how ethical issue #1
violates an APA Ethics
Code and proposal of
how to remedy the
issue
15 pts
Description/explanation
of how ethical issue #2
violates an APA Ethics
Code and proposal of
how to remedy the
issue
15 pts
15 pts
A
Response is
complete and
accurate;
contains
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
includes
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
13 pts
B
Response is
complete and
mostly
accurate;
contains
some details
and/or
explanation;
includes
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
11 pts
C
Response is
somewhat
complete
and/or is
somewhat
accurate;
and/or does
not contain
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
includes
some
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
9 pts
D
Response is
incomplete or
is mostly
inaccurate;
lacks
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
does not
include
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
0 pts
F
Response is
incomplete or
not provided;
answers are
inaccurate
and/or not
explained;
does not
include
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
15 pts
A
Response is
complete and
accurate;
contains
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
includes
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
13 pts
B
Response is
complete and
mostly
accurate;
contains
some details
and/or
explanation;
includes
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
11 pts
C
Response is
somewhat
complete
and/or is
somewhat
accurate;
and/or does
not contain
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
includes
some
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
9 pts
D
Response is
incomplete or
is mostly
inaccurate;
lacks
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
does not
include
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
0 pts
F
Response is
incomplete or
not provided;
answers are
inaccurate
and/or not
explained;
does not
include
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
Criteria Ratings Pts
Summary and rating of
risk-benefit analysis
before and after
proposed changes
10 pts
Quality of Writing 10 pts
10 pts
A
Response is
complete and
accurate;
contains
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
includes
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
8.5 pts
B
Response is
complete and
mostly
accurate;
contains
some details
and/or
explanation;
includes
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
7.5 pts
C
Response is
somewhat
complete
and/or is
somewhat
accurate;
and/or does
not contain
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
includes
some
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
6.5 pts
D
Response is
incomplete or
is mostly
inaccurate;
lacks
sufficient
details and/or
explanation;
does not
include
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
0 pts
F
Response is
incomplete or
not provided;
answers are
inaccurate
and/or not
explained;
does not
include
supporting
information
from the
Learning
Resources.
10 pts
A
Writing is clear
and organized
with few or no
errors in
mechanics,
usage,
grammar, or
spelling
(MUGS).
There is a
preponderance
of original
writing (i.e.,
use of own
words and
proper
paraphrasing).
Information
from the
Learning
Resources is
fully provided
and correctly
documented
8.5 pts
B
Writing is
mostly clear
and organized
with few
MUGS errors.
Writing is
original (i.e.,
use of own
words and
proper
paraphrasing).
Information
from the
Learning
Resources is
mostly
provided and
correctly
documented
with citation(s)
and
reference(s) in
7.5 pts
C
Writing is
somewhat
clear and
organized
with some
MUGS errors.
Most writing
is mostly
original (i.e.,
use of own
words and
proper
paraphrasing)
but may rely
on the use of
some direct
quotations.
Information
from the
Learning
Resources is
partially
provided
and/or
6.5 pts
D
Writing is
mostly
unclear and
disorganized
and/or
contains
many MUGS
errors. There
is an overuse
of direct
quotations
and/or
ineffective
paraphrasing.
Information
from the
Learning
Resources is
significantly
lacking
and/or is
incorrectly
documented
and/or
0 pts
F
Writing is
mostly
unclear
and/or
mostly
disorganized
and/or
contains
many
MUGS
errors.
There is an
underuse of
original
writing and
an overuse
of directly
quoted
content.
Information
from the
Learning
Resources
is absent
Criteria Ratings Pts
Total Points: 50
with citation(s)
and
reference(s) in
correct APA
style.
correct APA
style.
incorrectly
documented
with
citation(s)
and/or
reference(s),
and/or
citations(s)
and
reference(s)
do not follow
correct APA
style.
citation(s)
and
reference(s)
do not follow
correct APA
style.
and/or is not
cited or
referenced
in any way.
