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Supply and Demand Curves Worksheet
Data
The following graph illustrates a standard supply and demand model, which shows the relationship between price and quantity in a competitive market. Complete the worksheet, using this graph as a reference.
Long description: The graph illustrates a standard supply and demand model, which shows the relationship between price and quantity in a competitive market. The horizontal axis (x-axis) represents the quantity of a good or service. The vertical axis (y-axis) represents the price of the good or service. There are two linear curves on the graph:
· The demand curve slopes downward from left to right, indicating that as the price decreases, the quantity demanded increases. It is labeled as D1.
· The supply curve slopes upward from left to right, indicating that as the price increases, the quantity supplied also increases. It is labeled as S1.
The intersection of the supply and demand curves marks the market equilibrium, where the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied. This point is labeled with the equilibrium price (P1) and equilibrium quantity (Q1).
In this worksheet, you will be presented with four scenarios. For each of the scenarios, complete the following two tasks.
· Draw the shifts of demand and supply curves as applicable.
· Comment whether the price and quantities have increased or decreased.
Note: You don’t have to use Excel’s Chart feature for this worksheet. A generic AD–AS graph should suffice.
Scenarios
1. On a hot day, the demand and supply of lemonade increase.
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2. On a cold day, the demand and supply of lemonade decrease.
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3. When Hawaii’s Mt. Kilauea erupts violently, the demand for sightseeing flights from tourists increases, but the supply of pilots willing to offer these risky flights decreases.
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4. In a hot area of Arizona where they generate most of the electricity with wind turbines, the demand for electricity decreases on windy days as people switch off their air conditioners and enjoy the breeze. But at the same time, the amount of electricity supplied increases as the wind turbines spin faster.
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