see attachment
Module 6
Abnormal Behavior
PSYC 122 General Psychology II
Objectives
At the end of the module, the student will be able to:
Define the concept of psychological disorder.
Identifies the criteria to delimit psychological disorders.
Argue about the myths related to psychological disorders.
Discuss the psychological perspectives of psychological disorders.
Determine the purpose of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and
examples of subcategories of psychological disorders.
Evaluate different types of psychological disorders, their symptoms, and their recommended therapy.
Apply the psychological perspectives related to psychological disorders.
▪ Configuration of behaviors, thoughts, or
emotions considered pathological for one
or more of the following: dysfunction,
distress and/or danger.
Abnormal behavior
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
Criteria for
Identifying
Abnormal
Behavior
Danger: If an individual’s thoughts, emotions, or behaviors pose a risk to
themselves or others.
Distress Behaviors: Thoughts or emotions that lead to substantial personal
distress may be categorized as abnormal.
Dysfunction: When a person’s inability to function appropriately hinders
their daily activities.
Deviance: Behaviors, thoughts, or emotions may be regarded as abnormal
when they diverge from a society or culture’s accepted norms or values.
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
1. Myth: Mentally ill people are often
dangerous and unpredictable
o Fact: The stereotype that mentally ill
people are often dangerous and
unpredictable persists due to
prejudice; however, only a few
disorders, like certain psychotic and
antisocial personality disorders, are
associated with violence.
Common Myths About Mental Illness
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
2. Myth: Psychological disorders are a sign of
personal weakness.
o Fact: Psychological disorders are
erroneously believed to be a sign of
personal weakness. In fact, they are
influenced by various factors such as
exposure to stress, genetic predispositions,
personal and sociocultural experiences, and
family background, just like any other
illness.
Common Myths About Mental Illness
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
3. Myth: A mentally ill person is only suited for
low-level jobs and never fully recovers
▪ Fact: It is a misconception that a mentally ill
person is only suited for low-level jobs and
can never fully recover. The truth is that
psychological disorders are complex, and
their symptoms, severity, and prognoses
differ for each individual. With proper
therapy and support, most of those
diagnosed with mental illnesses eventually
improve and lead normal, productive lives.
Common Myths About Mental Illness
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
▪ Psychologists hold diverse viewpoints regarding the
underlying causes of psychological disorders.
▪ While some emphasize “mental illness,” others stress the
significance of social and cultural influences, as well as
our individual thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, in
contributing to the development of psychological
disorders.
Psychological Perspectives
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
Psychological Perspectives
Sociocultural
issues at hand reflect cultural values
and beliefs.
Behavioral
Improper conditioning or modeling that
does not align with suitable standards
or norms.
Evolutionary
An escalated form of an adaptive
response.
Humanistic
Obstructed or impeded personal
growth.
Psychodynamic
Unconscious conflicts that have not
been resolved.
Cognitive
Faulty thinking.
Biological
Issues related to brain function,
genetic predisposition, and
biochemistry. [academic paraphrase]
problems with brain function, genetic
predisposition, biochemistry.
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
▪ A manual established by the American Psychiatric Association
(APA) for the principal purpose of categorizing psychological
disorders.
▪ With each revision of the DSM, the list of disorders has been
expanded, and the descriptions and groupings have been
revised to incorporate the most current findings from scientific
research.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM)
(Sanderson and Huffman, 2020)
DSM 5-TR
Classification
of Disorders
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
Bipolar and Related Disorders
Depressive Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Elimination Disorders
Sleep-Wake Disorders
Sexual Dysfunctions
Gender Dysphoria
Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
Neurocognitive Disorders
Personality Disorders
Paraphilic Disorders
Other Mental Disorders and Additional Codes
Medication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other Adverse Effects of medication
Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
(APA, 2022)
▪ According to APA (2022),
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
represent a cluster of conditions that
emerge during the developmental
period.
▪ These disorders usually become
apparent early in a child’s life, often
before they begin formal schooling,
and are distinguished by
developmental deficits or variations in
brain processes that result in
impairments in personal, social,
academic, or occupational
functioning.
Neurodevelopmental
Disorders Intellectual Developmental Disorders
Communication Disorders
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Specific Learning Disorder
Motor Disorders
Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders
(APA, 2022)
▪ Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic
disorders encompass schizophrenia, other psychotic
disorders, and schizotypal (personality) disorder.
▪ These conditions are characterized by abnormalities
in one or more of the following five areas:
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking
(speech), grossly disorganized or abnormal motor
behavior (including catatonia), and negative
symptoms.
Schizophrenia
Spectrum and Other
Psychotic Disorders
(APA, 2022)
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
(5th ed., text rev.).
Sanderson, C. A., & Huffman, K. (2020). Real world psychology (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN-13: 978-
1119577751
sanderson-karen-v9781119577737
Review as many times as required the information contained in the module folder
(includes this presentation).
Read the reference material to clarify any questions.
Carry out all the activities according to the instructions.
Submit assignments on the indicated date through the educational
platform.
Congratulations you have reviewed the
theoretical summary of this week’s topic!
Actively participate in collaborative sessions.
Remember that to successfully build your learning it is important that:
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