Hands On Lab 4: Axial Skeletal System
Submission instructions: Type your answers and copy all pictures directly into this Word document. Submit it via the blackboard submission link in Word format (docx).
Introduction:
The skeletal system is the support structure for the body. There are 206 bones, divided into the axial and appendicular skeletons.
This lab will teach you bones that make up the axial skeleton and the major bone markings.
Bone markings are holes, ridges, projections, etc. that serve as attachments for muscles, and provide routes for blood vessels and nerves.
Watch These:
Crash Course has 2 skeletal videos that you may want to take a look at:
Skeletal #1(Opens in new window-10:37): Stronger focus on the cellular level so helpful for the lecture portion of the course
Skeletal #2 (Opens in new window-9:22): Basics of the skeletal system and joints (a future lab).
*Do not forget to use the
Practice Atlas located within Connect. It’s quite helpful for A&P and shows different views of the various bones and allows for practice with naming. Its located on the left-hand side of the screen when you enter Connect.
Activity 1: Virtual Axial Skeleton Lab
The virtual skeleton laboratory will teach the bones of the axial skeletal division and the major bone markings at your own pace.
Virtual Axial Skeleton Lab (opens new window)
Click on the lab and go through all of the sections. Although you will be learning all of the bones, we have limited the bone markings to the major ones. Please see the
module 2 lab study objectives in blackboard, for all of the axial skeleton markings you are responsible for. You are not required to learn any markings in the virtual lab that are not on this list.
We know, it’s a lot of bones! This is what you need to know so find a method to study this information: Some use index cards, some practice labeling diagrams, some have a friend quiz them, or all of the above. Find what works for you. Students have also made up ‘sayings’ and ways to remember certain parts of the skeleton. Ones we know will be shared in the virtual lab but also look for/make up your own!
Activity 2: Identifying Major Bones (Diagram on next page)
Identify the Major Bones. Each letter will only be used once.
1.
4
2. Fibula
3. Humerus
4. Ribs
5. Ulna
6. Coccyx
7. Sternum
8. Scapula
9. Radius
10. Vertebral Column
11. Tibia
12. Mandible
13. Sacrum
14. Pelvis
15. Skull
16. Patella
17. Femur
18. Clavicle
Activity 3: Identifying Skull Bones, Sutures, and Markings
Identify the bones and structures. Each letter will only be used once.
19. Coronal suture
20. Parietal Bone
21. Occipital Bone
22. Sphenoid Bone
23. Styloid process
24. Lacrimal bone
25. Mastoid process
26. Squamosal suture
27. Ethmoid
28. Maxilla
29. Alveolar Processes
30. Temporal Bone
31. Frontal Bone
32. External acoustic meatus
33. Zygomatic bone
34. Nasal bone
35. Vomer
36. Lambdoidal suture
Activity 4: General Vertebral Structure
Match the parts of the general vertebrae. Each letter will only be used once.
37.
38. Vertebral Body
39. Spinous process
40. Transverse process
41. Vertebral foramen
42. Pedicle
43. Lamina
44. Articular Facet
Activity 5: Vertebral Column Matching
Match the parts of the vertebral column with their name and/or number. Some letters will be used more than once!
1.
45. 12
46. Lumbar
47. 7
48. Coccyx
49. Axis
50. 5 (not fused)
51. Atlas
52. Cervical
53. Thoracic
54. Sacrum
*All images in this lab are copyright of McGraw-Hill
