Editin

Master of Healthcare Administration
HCM 600 Research Project
Saudi Electronic University
Health Sciences Collage
Examining The Long-Term Interventions Effects of
Telepsychiatry on Chronic Mental Health Conditions in Saudi
Arabia
Presented by: Rehab Alharbi

Supervised by: Dr. Danyah
Date submitted:21/12/2024

Agenda
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Introduction

Introduction
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History of Development the Telepsychiatry
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The Significance of the Study
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Aims and Objectives

Aims and Objectives
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1)

2)

Research Questions

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2.

Literature Review

Consolidated Thematic Analysis of Telepsychiatry’s
Impact
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(Hilty et al., 2013; Alangari et al., 2021; Yellowlees et al., 2010; Mason
et al., 2020; Almathami et al., 2020)

Addressing Access Disparities Through
Telepsychiatry
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(Almalki et al., 2020; Alghamdi et al., 2021; Alahmed et al., 2019;
Kumar et al., 2020)

Limited Access to Mental Health Services in
Saudi Arabia
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(WHO, 2013; Al-Saeed et al., 2018; Al-Khaled et al., 2015; Ghubash,
2002; Zarate et al., 2021)

Long-Term Efficacy of Telepsychiatry, Short-Term
Efficacy and Immediate Impact
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(Hilty et al., 2020; Mohr et al., 2017;
Sullivan et al., 2020).

Evidence-Based Outcomes for Telepsychiatry in
Saudi Arabia
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(Rosen et al., 2018; Jaffe et al., 2019).

Benefits of Telepsychiatry for Chronic Mental
Health Conditions in Saudi Arabia
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(Mohr et al., 2017; Shore et al., 2018;
Zarate et al., 2021

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methodology
Study Design, Data Source and Strategy

Inclusion Criteria and Exclusion Criteria
Data Collection Tools and Data Extraction
Process
PRISMA Analysis
Outcomes of the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist

Material and Methods
Study Design, Data
Source and Strategy
• Systematic Review
Search Strategy: Relevant studies will be
identified using keywords like“ telepsychiatry,”
“kingdom of Saudi Arabia”
“remote psychiatric care,”
“mental health disorders,”
“Saudi Arabia”

• “OR and AND,”
Used Databases:
• PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane
Library, ScienceDirect, and PsycINFO

Key words: Combination of the
following Terms:
• “telepsychiatry,”
• “remote psychiatric care,”
• “mental health disorders,”
“depression,”
• “anxiety,”
• “bipolar disorder,”
• “schizophrenia,”
• “Saudi Arabia”
• “kingdom of Saudi Arabia”

Material and Methods
Inclusion Criteria

1.Studies focused on telepsychiatry
interventions only.
2. Any Studies focusing on chronic
conditions.
3.Published in peer-reviewed journals
between 2010–2024.
4.Studies published in English
5.Participants must be located in Saudi
Arabia.

Exclusion Criteria
1.Studies without a telepsychiatry
component.
2.Studies not focusing on chronic
conditions.
3.Not Published before in peer-reviewed
journals between 2010–2024
4.Studies not published in English.
5.Participants must be not located
outside Saudi Arabia.

Data Analysis
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Results

PRISMA Flowchart

Outcomes of the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist

Results

The effectiveness of
telepsychiatry
interventions in
improving clinical
outcomes

Knowledge levels: 51.8% had poor knowledge, 48.2% good.
Positive perception: 80.8% had a favorable view.
Psychiatrists’ opinions: 72% found telepsychiatry useful.
Patient satisfaction: High satisfaction with accessibility,
effectiveness, safety.
Common conditions: Depression and anxiety were prevalent.
There is no demographic link: Levels of satisfaction are not
linked to demographics

(Alghamdi et al., 2022; Khalil et al., 2023; Wafia et
al., 2022)

Results
Barriers
affecting the
implementation of
telepsychiatry

Barrier
Lack of awareness hinders telepsychiatry adoption.
Technological issues limit access to services.
Privacy concerns reduce patient acceptance of telepsychiatry.
Facilitators
Telepsychiatry improves access in remote areas.
Reduces stigma by providing privacy during consultations.
Cost-effectiveness and flexibility increase patient engagement

Al-Thebiti et al., (2017):Alaboudi et al.,

(2016):Aldeghaither et al., (2022)

Results
The long-term
impacts of
telepsychiatry on
patient experience,
satisfaction, and
overall quality of
life:

Satisfaction with telepsychiatry structure: 80.1% reported
satisfaction.
Telepsychiatry led to 60% reduced hospital readmissions.
85% of patients felt telepsychiatry improved condition
management.
64% reduction in depressive episodes for bipolar patients.
82% of patients satisfied with telepsychiatry flexibility.
70% reported better social, emotional functioning improvement.

(AlShareef & AlWabel: Alfaleh et al., (2021): Almalky & Alhaidar,
(2021)).

Discussions

Effectiveness of Telepsychiatry
Interventions
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(Alghamdi et al., 2022; Khalil et al., 2023; Wafia
et al., 2022 ; Yellowlees et al., 2010)

Key Barriers to Implementation and
Acceptance
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(Alaboudi et al., 2016; Aldeghaither et al., 2022;
Alghamdi et al., 2022)

Facilitators Supporting Implementation
and Acceptance
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(Almalky & Alhaidar, 2021; Alfaleh et al., 2021;
Al-Shareef & AlWabel, 2024)

Research Gaps and Interventions

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Conclusion and Recommendations

Conclusion
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Recommendations
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References

References
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Abdullah, M., & Al-Asmari, H. (2020). Patient Acceptance of Telepsychiatry in Rural Saudi Arabia. Telemedicine Journal, 13(5), 318-326.

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Alaboudi, A., Atkins, A., Sharp, B., Balkhair, A., Alzahrani, M., & Sunbul, T. (2016). Barriers and challenges in adopting Saudi telemedicine network: The perceptions of
decision makers of healthcare facilities in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 9(6), 725–733.

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Alahmed, S. H., Alshahrani, A. M., & Almalki, M. A. (2019). Barriers to mental health services in Saudi Arabia: A review of the literature. Frontiers in Public Health, 7, 50.

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Alamri, A. A., Alyousif, S. H., & Alharthi, A. S. (2021). The role of telepsychiatry in Saudi Arabia: A strategy for mental health care improvement. Saudi Journal of Medicine &
Medical Sciences, 9(1), 1-6.

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Alangari, A. S., Alsalhi, R. A., Almogbel, F. S., Altwaijri, N. A., & Al-Khalifah, A. S. (2021). Barriers to mental health services in Saudi Arabia: A review. Frontiers in Public
Health, 9, 567178.

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Al-Ateeq, A. et al. (2022). The Impact of Telepsychiatry on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Depression in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 28(3), 123132.

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Aldeghaither, N. Y., jamal Abdo, A., Almishrafi, D. H. A., Alshehabi, S. H. H., Alzahrani, A. A., qael Alotaibi, M. H., Almutairi, B. H., & Dosari, H. F. M. A. (2022).
“teletherapy implementation and its impact on Saudi Arabia’s healthcare system: Opportunities and challenges. ” Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology.

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Alfaleh, A., Alkattan, A., Salah, M., Almutairi, M., Sagor, K., Alageel, A., & Alabdulkareem, K. (2021). Telemedicine and Patient Satisfaction in Saudi Arabia.

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Al-Farsi, M., & Al-Badr, H. (2021). Perceptions on the Long-term Use of Telepsychiatry for Bipolar Disorder in Saudi Arabia. Telemedicine Journal, 11(4), 219-227.

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Al-Fayez, F., et al. (2021). Case Study: Challenges in Telepsychiatry Implementation among Healthcare Providers. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 15(1), 66-74.

References
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Alghamdi, F. J., Althaqafi, A. A., & Alzahrani, M. M. (2021). Effectiveness of telepsychiatry on patients with chronic mental illness: A study from Saudi Arabia. Journal of
Telemedicine and Telecare, 27(5), 288-293.

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Alghamdi, S. A., Alshahrani, O. M., Alharbi, A. K., Alghamdi, O. A., Almohaini, R. A., & Alsayat, J. Y. (2022). Telepsychiatry: knowledge, effectiveness, and willingness;
assessments of psychiatrists in Saudi Arabia. Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), 27(2), 79–86.

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Al-Harbi, K., et al. (2022). Patient and Provider Views on Telepsychiatry Impact on Quality of Life. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 28(9), 463-474.

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Al-Hassan, N., & Farooq, S. (2021). Effectiveness of Remote Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Anxiety Disorders. Saudi Medical Journal, 42(5), 412-420.

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Almalik, M. A., & Albatti, T. A. (2020). Mental health services in Saudi Arabia: The impact of telepsychiatry on service delivery. BMC Psychiatry, 20, 134.

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Almalky, A. M., & Alhaidar, F. A. (2021). Patients’ satisfaction with telepsychiatry services at a university hospital in Riyadh during the COVID -19 pandemic. Cureus, 13(8), e17307.

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Al-Mansour, R., & Ahmed, F. (2020). Telepsychiatry in Rural Saudi Arabia: Patient Experiences and Quality of Life Outcomes. Middle East Psychiatry Journal, 13(6), 518-526.

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Almathami, H. K., Win, K. T., & Vlahu-Gjorgievska, E. (2020). Barriers and facilitators in telemedicine: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(10), e20837.

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Al-Mohammed, A., et al. (2021). Patient Acceptance of Telepsychiatry for Anxiety and Depression Treatment in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Psychiatry, 42(1), 87-96.

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Al-Mutairi, R., et al. (2023). Exploring Patient Perspectives on Telepsychiatry for Chronic Depression. Saudi Journal of Psychiatry, 44(2), 203-211.

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Al-Mutawa, S., et al. (2022). Evaluating Patient Experience and Quality of Life Post -Telepsychiatry in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 16(3), 213-225.

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Al-Qahtani, H. (2022). Healthcare Professionals’ Perspectives on Telepsychiatry for Anxiety Disorders. Middle East Psychiatry Journal, 14(6), 54-61.

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