FANTASTIC PASTRY SHOP CASE STUDY

College of Computing and Informatics

Case Study
Deadline: Day 04/12/2024 @ 23:59
[Total Mark is 14]

Student Details:

CRN:

Name:
Name:
Name:

ID:
ID:
ID:

Instructions:

• You must submit two separate copies (one Word file and one PDF file) using the Assignment Template on
Blackboard via the allocated folder. These files must not be in compressed format.

• It is your responsibility to check and make sure that you have uploaded both the correct files.
• Zero mark will be given if you try to bypass the SafeAssign (e.g. misspell words, remove spaces between
words, hide characters, use different character sets, convert text into image or languages other than English
or any kind of manipulation).

• Email submission will not be accepted.
• You are advised to make your work clear and well-presented. This includes filling your information on the cover
page.

• You must use this template, failing which will result in zero mark.
• You MUST show all your work, and text must not be converted into an image, unless specified otherwise by
the question.

• Late submission will result in ZERO mark.
• The work should be your own, copying from students or other resources will result in ZERO mark.
• Use Times New Roman font for all your answers.

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Pg. 01

Description and Instructions
Case Study Objective:
This case study is an opportunity for you to practice your knowledge and to develop
skills of working in teams.
•

Total Marks = 14
Project Report

Presentation

10 marks

4 marks

•

Group Size = 3-4 Members.

•

One group member (group leader/coordinator) should submit all files: Project
Report and Presentation Slides on blackboard.

•

Marks will be given based on your submission and quality of the contents.

Project Report
•

Each Project Report will be evaluated according to the marking criteria mentioned
in each question section.

Presentation
•

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Each group need to present their projects in week# 12.

Pg. 02
FANTASTIC PASTRY SHOP CASE STUDY
Introduction about Fantastic Pastry Shop:
Fantastic Pastry Shop is a traditional pastry shop established in 1999. It is a
small shop owned by two persons. One of them was responsible for buying
goods and bringing them to the shop two times a day (every morning and late
afternoon). The other one is managing the shop activities and organizing shifts
for employees. They work 24/7 and have three shifts. They employ wellexperienced employees in each shift. The shop has three chefs for making the
dough and sauce, three well-trained employees for preparing and putting the
ingredients, and three well-trained employees for cooking the pastry and
controlling the oven heat. The owners work on this shop and have other
employees to help them.

The order process in Fantastic Pastry Shop:
The process starts by welcoming the customer and giving them the menu. The
customer looks into the menu then places their order. The cashier writes down
the order on a separate paper for each customer, calculates the prices, and
then asks the customer to pay (4 minutes). After getting the payment, the
cashier handed the paper of each order to the second employee. The next
employee then starts to prepare the dough based on the order (the shop has
two bases of dough: white flour dough and brown whole meal flour dough) (4
minutes). The next employee is responsible for filling the pastry with the
ingredients based on each customer’s order (2 minutes). The next employee
takes the pastry, puts it into the oven until it is ready, and then gets it back (2
minutes for white flour base and 4 minutes for brown whole meal flour base).

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Pg. 03
The last employee cut the pastry and packages it then hands it to the customer
(2 minutes).

The current situation of Fantastic Pastry Shop:
The shop starts to get a lot of orders that are over its capacity due to its
reputation. It usually gets around 20 orders from persons coming to their shop in
each hour. Each order – on average – includes 3-5 pastries of different bases
and ingredients. However, the shop lost a couple of its experienced employees
responsible for preparing and cooking pastries.

The Issues in Fantastic Pastry Shop:
The Fantastic Pastry Shop was very successful and had many customers and
significant revenue. However, the shop starts to lose many of its loyal customers
and receives a considerable number of complaints. The managers started to
investigate the complaints they received. They also contacted their loyal
customers to understand the different issues more clearly. After this deep
investigation, they categorized the issues into the following categories:

• Some of the pastry’s bases and ingredients are unavailable in the early
afternoon or late night.

• The waiting time becomes unacceptable to customers.
• The quantity of ingredients is not always the same which affecting the
taste of the pastry.

• The brown whole meal flour base of pastries is sometimes undercooked.
• The customers sometimes get some of their pastries cold.
• The customers sometimes get the wrong order.

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The requirements to solve Fantastic Pastry Shop process
issue:
Besides the available information, you are expected and allowed to make
assumptions, if you need, to improve the process and solve the issue of the
Fantastic Pastry Shop.

You are requested to solve the issue of the Fantastic Pastry
Shop and improve its process and performance by answering
the following questions.

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Pg. 05
Learning
Outcome(s):
CLO1: Explain
the
interdisciplinary
concepts,
theories, and
trends in ES and
their role in
supporting
business
operations.

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3 Marks

Question One

Explain the main Input, Process Activities, and Output of the Fantastic Pastry
Shop Process. Then, calculate the current cycle time of the process? Also,
calculate the throughput for this process in 1 hour? Further, find out the
bottleneck activities?
Marking criteria:
1- Explain the main Input, Process activities and Output of the Fantastic Pastry
Shop. [1 Marks]
2- Calculate the cycle time and the throughput.

[1Marks]

3- Find out the bottleneck activities and suggest a way to solve them. [1 Mark]

Pg. 06
Learning
Outcome(s):
CLO4: Design ES
architectural
models for

Question Two

2 Marks

Model current (As-Is) process using BPMN 2.0 utilizing any tool such as Visio?
Then analyze As-Is process from both time and quality perspectives (mention at
least 1 issue related to time and 1 issue related to quality in the process)?

various business
processes.

Marking criteria:
1- Model current (As-Is) process using BPMN 2.0 utilizing any tool [1 Mark]
2- Analyze As-Is process from time and quality perspectives. [1 Mark]

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Pg. 07
Learning
Outcome(s):

Question Three

5 Marks

Suggest at least 3 ideas for improving the current process from the following

CLO3: Discuss

perspectives: a) employees’ perspective, b) equipment’s’ perspective, and c) IT

the issues and

& IS technologies perspective? Also explain how your suggestions will solve

challenges

Fantastic Pastry Shop issues? Finally, propose the To-Be process model using

associated with

BPMN 2.0 by utilizing any tools?

implementing ES

Marking criteria:

and their impacts

1- Improvement suggestions for pastry process from; a) employees’

on corporate

perspective, b) equipment’s’ perspective, and c) IT & IS technologies

enterprises.

perspective perspectives. [2 Marks]
2- Explain how your suggestions and To-be process will solve Amazing Pizza
Shop issues. [1 Mark]
3- Modeling To-be process using BPMN 2.0. [2 Marks]

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‫الجامعة السعودية االلكترونية‬
‫الجامعة السعودية االلكترونية‬

‫‪26/12/2021‬‬

College of Computing and Informatics
Information Technology Program
IT491
Senior Project II

Smart Guide for the Blind (SGB)
S200199471
S200016720
S200076666
S200244630

Razan Alqahtani
Nurah Alshahrani
Fatimah Alnasser
Bdoor Alkthiri
Supervised By
Dr. Raniyah Wazirali

1

Background &
problem statement

2

8

Literature Review

Conclusion

Contents

3

7

Methodology

Testing &
Evaluation

6

4

System
Implementation &
Demo

System Analysis

5
System Design

Problem Statment

Background & Problem
Statment

Blind

people

often

have

difficulty

identifying the objects surrounding them.
They are dependent on their family or
friends to identify the things. So, we build

SGB application using real-time detection
object to enabling blind people to detect
and identify the objects around them.

Problem Statment

Background & Problem
Statment

Blind

people

often

have

difficulty

identifying the objects surrounding them.
They are dependent on their family or
friends to identify the things. So, we build

SGB application using real-time detection
object to enabling blind people to detect
and identify the objects around them.

Literature Review
Literature Name

Author Name

Date
1-4.

Object detection and narrator for visually impaired
people

Nasreen, Jawaid, Warsi Arif, Asad Ali Shaikh, Yahya

Efficient multi-object detection and smart navigation
using artificial intelligence for visually impaired people

Joshi, Rakesh Chandra, Saumya Yadav, Malay Kishore

AI Based App for Blind People

Qureshi, Tufel Ali, Mahima Rajbhar, Yukta Pisat,

Deep learning-based object detection and surrounding
environment description for visually impaired people

slam, Raihan Bin, Samiha Akhter, Faria Iqbal, Md Saif
Ur Rahman, and Riasat Khan.

)2023(

Mobile Surveillance Siren Against Moving Object as a
Support System for Blind People

Hareva, D. H., Sebastian, A., Mitra, A. R., Lazarusli, I.
A., & Haryani, C. A

)2023(

Muhammad, and Monaisha Abdullah.

Dutta, and Carlos M. Travieso- Gonzalez

IEEE, 2019
(2020)
(March 2021)

Methodology
Throwaway Prototyping
It offers a simple and efficient software development approach. Developers can write
program components before coding, aiming to verify criteria, test postimplementation appearance, and ensure proper execution of ideas. Visualizing and
evaluating the system beforehand saves effort, time, and cost, enhancing
understanding of both system and user needs.

Determining the needs
To create the application, several key needs must
be identified:
1. Platform: The application will be
2.

3.
4.

5.

developed for a specific platform.
Knowledge: React Native, Expo Go,
Visual Code and Android system
expertise are necessary to create the
application.
Phone: The application will utilize phone
features like camera, audio alerts.
Network: A stable network connection is
vital for the application to function
properly.
Database: The databases are sourced
from the reliable Tensorflow for AI tools

Methodology
Throwaway Prototyping

Determining the needs
Planning
To create the application, several key needs must
be identified:
Plan steps to create
the application:
1. Platform:
The application will be
developed
foridea.
a specific platform.
• Generate an
application
2. Knowledge: React Native, Expo Go,
• Write out the
features
application.
Visual
Code for
andthe
Android
system
expertise are necessary to create the
• Design a prototype.
application.
• Create3.thePhone:
application’s
graphic design.
The application
will utilize
• Collect thephone
data. features like camera, audio
alerts.
• Build the
4. application.
Network: A stable network connection
is vital for the application to function
properly.
5. Database: The databases are sourced
from the reliable Tensorflow for AI
tools

Methodology
Throwaway Prototyping

Determining the needs
Implementation and testing of
To create the
application, several key needs must
Planning
prototypes
be identified:
1. Platform: The application will be

Plan steps to createdeveloped
the application:
for a specific platform.
2. an
Knowledge:
React
• Develop a basic• prototype
ofapplication
the mobile
Generate
idea.Native, Expo Go,
Visual Code and Android system
application, including
key
features
that are
depend
• Write out expertise
the features
for
the application.
necessary
to create the
application.
on the camera, voice
recognition,
alerts, and AI
• Design
a prototype.
3. Phone: The application will utilize
tools for detecting• and
identifying
objects.
Create thephone
application’s
design.
featuresgraphic
like camera,
audio
• Test the usability•with
usersthe
toalerts.
gather feedback
Collect
data.
4. Network: A stable network connection
on the prototype’s• functionality
usability.
Build the application.
isand
vital
for the application to function
properly.
5. Database: The databases are sourced
from the reliable Tensorflow for AI
tools

Methodology
Throwaway Prototyping

Determining the needs
Prototyping optimization
To create
the
application,
several key needs must
Planning
Continuous improvements and
updates
will be
be on
identified:
made to the application based
the opinions of

Platform:
The application will be
users; improvement steps will be 1.repeated
until
Plan steps to createdeveloped
the application:
for a specific platform.
the prototype is close to the required stage of
2. an
Knowledge:
React
• Generate
application
idea.Native, Expo Go,
Visual Code and Android system
perfection.
• Write out expertise
the features
the application.
arefor
necessary
to create the
application.
• Design a prototype.
Final implementation stage
3. Phone: The application will utilize
• Create thephone
application’s
design.
featuresgraphic
like camera,
audio
Once the prototype meets the desired functionality
• Collect thealerts.
data.
4.
Network:
A stable network connection
and usability, the prototypes will be dispensed, and
• Build the application.
is vital for the application to function
proceed to the final implementation stage,
this is
properly.
5. Database:will
The databases are sourced
where the genuine application construction
from the reliable Tensorflow for AI
happen.
tools

Methodology
Throwaway Prototyping

System Analysis
Product Features
1. Instructions interface.

2. Open and close sessions.

3. The application is accessible any time

4. Real-time interaction.

.
5. The application is non-costly.

6. The user will navigate their surroundings.

7. The app will identify the objects surrounding
them.

8.The app make use of the phone’s camera
capabilities with notifications (audio . vibrations).

9. A vibrating, and voice sound will exist for every
identified object.

1. .

10. The app will recognize the user’s voice and
scan the environment surrounding the user.

System Analysis Cont.
Functional Requirement

Name

Description

Instructions Interface

Upon opening the application, the user receives

Priority
Low

an instructions message.
Permission Interface

After the interface instructions, the user will be asked to
give the application permission to use the camera.
● This

High

interface allows the user to utilize the

camera on the smartphone to scan their
Camera-Based environment scanning Interface

surroundings and identify objects in real-time.
●

To improve user involvement and awareness,

this interface uses alerts to identify objects.

High

Use Cas 1
UC-1

Identifier

UC-1 (instruction Interface)

Purpose

To present the instructions on how to use the application.

Priority

Low

Pre-conditions

Turn on Voice Access tool in Android Devices.

Post-conditions

The user will understand how to use the application.

Typical Course of Action

UC-2

S#

Actor Action

System Response

1

User opens the application.

The application reads and displays an instruction message.

2

User listens and lets the application click the okay The application moves to the next interface.
button by voice to move to the next interface.

UC-3

Alternate Course of Action

S#

Actor Action

System Response

1

Step 1

System Response 1

Use Cas 2
UC-1

UC-2

Identifier

UC-2 (Premmetion Use Interface)

Purpose

After the interface instructions, the user will be asked to give the application access to use the camera.

Priority

High

Pre-

Turn on Voice Access tool in Android Devices and let the device click the okay button in the instruction

conditions

interface.

Post-

The application will be able to access the camera.

conditions
Typical Course of Action
S#

Actor Action

System Response

1

After 5 seconds the user lets the application click The application will be able to access the camera and move to
while using the app button by voice to move to the the next interface.

UC-3

next interface.
Alternate Course of Action
S#

Actor Action

System Response

1

Step 1

System Response 1

Use Cas 3
UC-1
UC-2

UC-3

Identifier

UC-3 (Camera-Based environment scanning Interface)

Purpose

To allow the user to scan their surroundings and identify objects in real-time using the camera on their
device.

Priority

High

Pre-conditions

The user should raise the volume.

Post-conditions

The user can scan their surroundings and the application will identify objects.

Typical Course of Action

S#

Actor Action

System Response

1

Users scan the environment with the camera.

Real-time object recognition and environment capture are
initiated by the camera.

2

User interacts with the identified objects

Selected objects are displayed via vibration and sounds.

Alternate Course of Action
S#

Actor Action

System Response

1

Step 1

System Response 1

Nonfunctional Requirement

Performance
Requirements

Safety
Requirements

• The app will efficiently scan the surrounding
environment of the blind person.
• The app will have a database of all possible
objects that a blind person could collide with.
• The app will take the permission from the
user to access the camera.
• The app’s interfaces will be straightforward
and simple to use.
• The app will be available and dependable.
• The app will receive a prompt response in a
short time.
• The app will be accessible around-the-clock.

Security
Requirements

Software Quality
Attributes

Other
Requirements

Nonfunctional Requirement

Performance
Requirements

Safety
Requirements

Security
Requirements

The app depends on a database that involves
information about the objects in a normal
environment while the user is using it in the real-time.
● Suitable system in place to manage sounds and
vibrations that are issued by the phone to the blind
person simultaneously.
● For the app to function safely and dependably, all of
its parts must be carefully planned, built, installed,
used, and kept secure.
●

Software Quality
Attributes

Other
Requirements

Nonfunctional Requirement

Performance
Requirements

Safety
Requirements

Security
Requirements

Software Quality
Attributes

• Determining security requirements is an important
step in system development. We have determined
the following security needs for a security site:
• Permit application to access only to the camera.
• Stop unauthorized malicious apps from infecting the
application by offering protection solutions.

Other
Requirements

Nonfunctional Requirement

Performance
Requirements

Safety
Requirements

Security
Requirements

Software Quality
Attributes

Other
Requirements

• User-friendliness is a priority.
• Regular updates should be possible.
• Debugging and maintenance must be feasible.
• Ensuring the application is free of errors is essential.

• Learning to use the application should be straightforward.
• User data input flexibility should only be incorporated when essential.
• The system must fulfill its intended purpose effectively

Nonfunctional Requirement

Performance
Requirements

Safety
Requirements

Security
Requirements

Software Quality
Attributes

Other
Requirements

• Clean camera lens.
• Speaker functionality is good.
• Turn on Voice Access Tool in Android
Devices.

Analysis Models
Use Case Model

Data Flow Diagram
(DFD)

Sequence Diagram

Analysis Models Con.
Use Case Model

Data Flow Diagram
(DFD)
Sequence Diagram

Analysis Models Con.
Use Case Model

Data Flow Diagram
(DFD)

Sequence Diagram

System Design
Class Model

Component Model

Deployment Model

Entity Relationship
Diagram

System Design Cont.
Class Model

Component

Model
Deployment Model

Entity Relationship
Diagram

System Design Cont.
Class Model

Component Model

Deployment
Model
Entity Relationship
Diagram

System Design Cont.
Class Model

Component Model

Deployment Model

Entity Relationship
Diagram

System Impl and Demo
React Native.

The application
built using:

Expo Go.

Visual Studio Code as a platform of coding.

TensorFlow and Yolo5 for real-time object detection technology were
employed to bring the dataset and AI tools up and running on Android
devices.

System Impl and
Demo

Camera-Based environment
scanning
Interface
Permission
Interface
Instructions
Interface
Adaptive
icon

Adaptive icon

Instructions Interface

Permission Interface

Camera-Based environment scanning Interface

Testing
Test Case
Instructions Interface
Test Case System

Identifier

TC-1

Priority

High

Related requirements(s)

Instructions Interface

Short description

To present the instructions on how to use the App

Pre-condition(s)

Open the app by turn on ‘Voice Access’ tool in Android Devices

Input data

Voice commands

Detailed steps

1. User opens the app.
2. The app reads and displays an instructions message.
3. User listens and lets the application click the okay button by
voice to move.
Prompts the user to allow camera access with options (Allow while
using the app, only this time, don’t allow) upon pressing okay, and
proceeds based on the user’s choice.
User will understand how to use the App

Permission Granting

Test Case Environment
Scanning

Expected result(s)

Post-condition(s)

Testing
Test Case
Instructions Interface

Test Case System
Permission Granting

Identifier

TC-2

Priority

High

Related requirements(s)

System Permission Granting.

Short description

After the interface instructions, the user will be asked to give the
app permission to use the camera.

Pre-condition(s)

Click the okay button in the instruction interface.

Input data

Voice commands

Detailed steps

1. User lets the application click the button “while using the
app” by voice to move to the next interface.
2. The application will be able to access the camera.

Expected result(s)

Open the camera.

Post-condition(s)

The application will be able to access the camera.

Test Case Environment
Scanning

Testing
Test Case
Instructions Interface

Identifier
Priority
Related requirements(s)

TC-3
High
Camera-Based Environment Scanning

Short description

Allow the user to scan their surroundings and identify objects and send vibration and
voice output once identifying objects in real-time using the camera on their device.

Pre-condition(s)

User should raise the volume and give access to the camera

Input data
Detailed steps

Objects detected in the user’s environment.
1. User opens the camera interface.
2. The app scans the surrounding environment using the camera.
3. If an object is detected, the app identifies it using AI tools.
4. The app provides feedback to the user through vibrations and sound output,
indicating the type of detected object.

Test Case System
Permission Granting

Test Case

Expected result(s)

Environment Scanning
Post-condition(s)

●
●
●

The surrounding environment is scanned in real-time.
Objects in the environment are identified using AI tools.
User receives notification through vibrations and sound output for detected
objects.
Users can scan their surroundings, and the app will identify objects and send sound
notifications of the objects type.

Evaluation
S#
1

Defect Description

Status

The App failed to open the camera due to compatibility Dependency management Solved
issues with dependencies and libraries.

2

Origin Stage

Fix Time
5 Days

and library compatibility

Object Detection Model Selection First, we used Coco-SSD Model

integration

and Solved

8 Days

selection

and Solved

3 Days

and it was unsuccessful, then we used the YOLOV5 model testing.
and it was successful for object detection.

3

Initial attempts to utilize the TTS (Text to Speech) library for Library

voice output were unsuccessful due to compatibility issues compatibility testing
with Expo Go, then we used ‘expo-speech’

Conclusion

Conclusion

The Smart Guide for the
Blind (SGB) offers a
free, accessible mobile
application designed to
enhance the lives of
blind individuals.

SGB stands out from
traditional
aids
by
employing real-time AI for
object detection, presenting
a
novel
solution
to
navigation challenges faced
by the blind.

With a focus on broader
societal impact, SGB
aligns
with
the
Kingdom’s development
goals.

Future improvements
aim to enhance SGB’s
functionality and user
experience, catering to
the diverse needs of
blind individuals.

Questions
Feel free for any query

Thank You

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