Our Services

Get 15% Discount on your First Order

[rank_math_breadcrumb]

physiology

peer responses

Respiratory discussion , the one you wrote for me

I need to leave responses to 2 peers , 150 words and a citation.

Responses must promote a discussion either by sharing prior knowledge and experiences, making meaningful connections with course content, asking meaningful questions, or challenging viewpoints.

This is due Monday

Student #1

Reply from Sophia

 

1. Surfactant is a lubricant that is located on and around the lungs. Called pulmonary surfactant, it is synthesized by the alveolar type II cells, as well as being secreted by them (Hamm et al., 1992). Pulmonary surfactant secretion begins at  around 24-28 weeks into the pregnancy and development of the fetus. The fetus will not be able to produce self-sustaining amounts of surfactant until around 32 weeks of pregnancy (Rehman & Bacha, 2022). 

 

1. The lack of surfactant causes respiratory distress because without the pulmonary surfactant, the lungs will begin to collapse in on themselves. This is because the alveolar sacs will have too much tension, which in turn makes it very hard for the person to breathe. “Insufficient surfactant leads to reduced pulmonary compliance and increased surface tension [
2Links to an external site.,
3Links to an external site.]. This results in increased risk of alveoli collapse at expiration followed by reduction in total surface area for gaseous exchange, as well as the alveolar-capillary diffusion capacity.” (Cheng-Hwa Ma & Ma, 2012). 

 

1.  A baby who is in respiratory distress due to a sufficient amount of surfactant would suffer from an increased amount of acid in their blood, also known as acidosis. This is because the lungs will decrease in their function of breathing, which in turn can cause the baby to give up on breathing altogether. (
Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Hyaline Membrane Disease) | Boston Children’s Hospital, n.d.).

 

1. A baby would compensate for the acid-base disorder by over ventilating itself, as this would allow for more oxygen to enter the body. (
Blood Gas Interpretation for Neonates | Safer Care Victoria, 2023)This process can be done with special breathing devices that are small enough for the infant. However, with the over ventilating process, the baby’s  CO2 levels in the blood can potentially drop dangerously low.

References

Hamm, H., Fabel, H., & Bartsch, W. (1992). The surfactant system of the adult lung: physiology and clinical perspectives. 
The Clinical Investigator
70(8).

‌Rehman, S., & Bacha, D. (2022). 
Embryology, Pulmonary. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing.

Cheng-Hwa Ma, C., & Ma, S. (2012). The Role of Surfactant in Respiratory Distress Syndrome. 
The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal
6(1), 44–53.


Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Hyaline Membrane Disease) | Boston Children’s Hospital. (n.d.). Www.childrenshospital.org. 
to an external site.

Student #2

Reply from Vivi

Surfactant is a mix of fats and proteins that’s released into the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs. Its main job is to lower the surface tension where air meets the liquid in these sacs. By reducing this tension, surfactant helps keep the alveoli open after exhalation, which is crucial for good breathing and gas exchange. The cells that make surfactant are called type II alveolar cells (Jobe & Ikegami, 2001).

Surfactant starts to be produced around the 24th week of pregnancy, but it only reaches sufficient levels around the 35th week. This timing is why babies born prematurely often have trouble with their breathing, as their lungs might not have made enough surfactant yet (Liggins & Howie, 1972).

Without enough surfactant, the surface tension in the alveoli increases, causing them to collapse. This collapse reduces the area available for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, leading to low oxygen levels (hypoxemia) and high carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia). This condition is known as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (Hall & Swaiman, 1984).

High carbon dioxide levels can cause respiratory acidosis, a condition where the blood becomes too acidic. This happens because carbon dioxide combines with water in the body to form an acid, which lowers the blood’s pH (Jobe & Ikegami, 2001).

To try to fix this, the infant’s kidneys work to balance the blood’s acidity by holding onto more bicarbonate and getting rid of excess hydrogen ions. However, this process is slow and might not fully correct severe acidosis (Hall & Swaiman, 1984).

The baby might also breathe rapidly and shallowly (tachypnea) to get rid of excess carbon dioxide and lower the blood’s acidity. But if the surfactant issue isn’t resolved, this can make breathing problems worse (Jobe & Ikegami, 2001).

Treatment for neonatal RDS usually involves giving the baby artificial surfactant and providing other support, like oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation if needed (Liggins & Howie, 1972).

References:

· Hall, R. T., & Swaiman, K. F. (1984). Respiratory distress syndrome: Clinical and laboratory features. 
Pediatric Clinics of North America, 31(3), 509-523.

· Jobe, A. H., & Ikegami, M. (2001). Surfactant therapy and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. 
Pediatrics, 108(3), 750-757.

· Liggins, G. C., & Howie, R. N. (1972). A controlled trial of antepartum glucocorticoid treatment for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants. 
Pediatrics, 50(4), 515-525.

Share This Post

Email
WhatsApp
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Pinterest
Reddit

Order a Similar Paper and get 15% Discount on your First Order

Related Questions

forever new leather jacket

Discover eternal elegance with Foreverjackets.com’s forever new leather jacket. These jackets, designed for durability and style, provide a new touch on traditional fashion, making them suitable for every season and seamlessly improving your everyday outfit.

sdkjgslf

check file Jackson Hole Summit Ridge Ski Lodge – Warming Hut Monthly Income Report Jackson Hole – Income by Month January February March April May June July August September October November December Morning Meal 3500.21 3652.14 3456.74 3291.11 1109.09 534.36 415.12 379.85 401.25 479.27 1965.31 2987.22 Morning Snack 2250.31 3265.02

dis 555555555

  Should there be more of a focus on high school students selecting a career path while they are still in high school? Will this help them later on in life? Hinder them?  Is the career you are pursing now, what you were planning on in High School?  If so

Forensic Science Course in 2 weeks

My kid enrolled for Forensic Science Summer 2025 He finish first unit out of 5 unit but need urgent help to complete rest “online summer program” ASAP. The final deadline is 3-July-2025 to complete all works. Please check attached syllabus for complete course.

Resume Packet Questions

Answer Task 4-Questions 6-10, following the guidelines. Nothing else. This file is too large to display.View in new window

biology

Name: Date: Lab 1: Plant Structures, Reactants, and Products of Photosynthesis Activity 1: Label the reactants and products of photosynthesis 1. Launch the view · Launch Visible Biology. · Navigate to Study/Lab Activities, and find the Photosynthesis Lab section. · Select view 1. Photosynthesis. 2. Label the image below ·

What makes Geometry Dash special?

Geometry Dash stands out with its fast-paced rhythm-based gameplay, where precision timing and muscle memory are key to success. Its combination of vibrant visuals, catchy electronic music, and increasingly challenging levels creates an addictive experience that keeps players coming back. The ability to create and share custom levels adds unlimited

Prof Double R

 QUESTIONS 1 Where has healthcare information management been historically? How has the introduction of technology dramatically changed the landscape? How has the introduction of technology increased the need for and importance of proper management? Support your answer with relevant resources. QUESTIONS 2 A common misconception is that a nurse has

bel hav u6

attached Unit 6: Writing Assignment Due Saturday by 11:59pm Points 30 Submitting a file upload Unit 6 Writing Assignment Rubric Start Assignment Writing Assignment: Submit by Saturday 11:59 p.m. Prompt: Recall the implications from this week’s focus chapter on NAEP reading proficiency. Write a paper addressing each of the following

Dis

Chapter 2 This file is too large to display.View in new window

Paraphrase

I need help with paraphasing This file is too large to display.View in new window

Biology 2

1 2 PRE-LAB EXERCISES Open the A&P app, and from the left-side menu, select Cells and Tissue, and then choose Chapter 3. Cell Life Cycle. Use the modules to guide your exploration of the life cycle of cells. Be sure to use the book icon to learn more about the

Week 10 Bio

  Select two of the unit student learning outcome (USLO) prompts below to respond to in this week’s reflection. USLO 10.1 Differentiate normal body water and electrolyte composition and movement in the fluid compartments. USLO 10.2 Explain the regulation of water balance within the body. USLO 10.3 Explain the roles

Can this be done in 1 hour?

  This Journal is a 2-part one. Read about the “situation” below: During the first week of the semester, one of your friends, Mark Jefferson, is in an accident and is hospitalized. While still under the effects of anesthesia, he scribbles the following note for you to mail to his

Biology

Any questions? visiblebiology.com Name: Date: Biology Lab Activities: Cellular Respiration Background Questions Based on what you’ve learned in class, in your textbook, and from using Visible Biology, answer the following questions about cellular respiration. 1. Fill in the blanks in the cellular respiration equation: C6H12O6 + 6 _______ → 6