Our Services

Get 15% Discount on your First Order

[rank_math_breadcrumb]

PSY 3421 week 6, 6.2 reply

Instructions are attached 

· Respond to at least two (2) peers with 100 words as the minimum peer response

· APA format

Peer 1: Carolyn

Rescorla-Wagner, feature, prototype, and exemplar theory can all guide categorization performance. However, not all necessarily work in the context of the alien example provided. Moreover, using more than one theory as a platform for categorization suggests a more comprehensive explanation than a singular theory. In the context of the example provided, the feature, prototype, and exemplar theory are more applicable than the Rescoral-Wagner theory, and here is why.

Feature theory looks at categorization based on objects associated with their specific features or attributes (Bouton, 2016). Looking at the stimuli symbols and the specific categories provided, one may associate “Taroom” with the “@” and “%” symbols based on the features of the characters. Therefore, categorization happens when the stimuli are applied to their unique characteristics. The “@” and “%” symbols have common circular features that pair them together, making learning easier because of the characteristic association applicability.

Prototype theory, conversely, categorizes objects through comparison via a mental representation of what a “typical” example would be within a category. Therefore, in the connection between the “@#” stimuli and “Farnut,” mental prototypes were formed using common features among the stimuli. A reasoning that supports the categorization of “Farnut” is that both stimuli mentally represent the F, T, and A in the word. By comparing the stimuli to the mental representations of typical category members, an individual can effectively learn context when unfamiliar.

Exemplar theory suggests that categorization occurs by comparing specific examples pulled from memory that overlap with the objects. For example, the “@#” stimuli are associated with phone numbers or emails, which are pulled from previous encounters with the stimuli. Therefore, connecting them into the category of “Farnut” shows that these objects resonate with exemplars stored in memory rather than requiring the need to form prototypes.

Unfortunately, the Rescorla-Wagner theory primarily focuses on conditioning when it comes to learning via association between stimuli and categories. More importantly, Bouton (2016) points out that this theory resides in associative strength between a stimulus and response, or, in this case, category. Therefore, the applicability of using this theory as a solid method for learning the stimuli and categories would be challenging because learning these associations within this theory would take time. More importantly, the theory is set upon learning occurring through what is expected versus what happens, which takes away from the ability to learn more abstract categories such as the ones presented by the aliens.

Reference:

Bouton, M. E. (2016). Learning and behavior: A contemporary synthesis (2nd ed.). Sinauer Associates.

Peer 2: Natalia

My Evaluation of Categorization Theories in an Alien Experiment

In the scenario where I have been captured by aliens for a categorization experiment involving symbols (@, #, $, %), my task involves associating specific pairs of symbols with distinct categories. The theories of categorization that I can evaluate in this context are the Rescorla-Wagner theory, feature theory, prototype theory, and exemplar theory. Here is my analysis of how each theory can, or cannot, explain my successful learning of the categories.

Rescorla-Wagner Theory

The Rescorla-Wagner model is a theory of classical conditioning that explains how the strength of associations between stimuli and responses is adjusted through learning. It posits that learning is driven by the discrepancy between expected and actual outcomes, known as the prediction error.

Application: The Rescorla-Wagner model primarily deals with conditioning and the prediction of outcomes based on associative strength. While it can explain how associations between pairs of stimuli (e.g., @#) and their categories (e.g., Farnut) might be strengthened over repeated exposures, it is not specifically tailored to explain the categorization of stimuli based on abstract rules or features.

Limitation: The model does not inherently account for the abstraction of categories beyond simple associative learning. It would not necessarily explain why @# and $# are seen as different categories if they are not associated with differing outcomes or reinforcements directly.

Feature Theory

Feature theory posits that categories are defined by a set of features or characteristics. Objects are classified based on the presence or absence of these defining features.

Application: In my case, each symbol pair (e.g., @#) could be classified based on distinct combinations of features (e.g., the presence of @ and #). This theory explains how I distinguish between different categories by identifying specific features associated with each category.

Strength: Feature theory can explain my ability to categorize the pairs because each pair has unique features that can be memorized and used for classification.

Limitation: While feature theory effectively explains how distinct features lead to category recognition, it may be less effective in explaining how I generalize from specific examples if features overlap significantly or are not clearly distinct.

Prototype Theory

Prototype theory suggests that categories are represented by a central, idealized example (the prototype), and categorization is based on the similarity of new instances to this prototype.

Application: In this experiment, I might form an idealized mental representation of each category based on the most typical examples I encounter (@# for Farnut, $# for wahool, etc.). New pairs are then categorized based on their resemblance to these prototypes.

Strength: Prototype theory can explain my performance if I am able to abstract the central tendencies of each category pair and use these prototypes for future categorization.

Limitation: Prototype theory may struggle to explain how I distinguish between categories when no single pair perfectly represents the entire category, especially in cases where categories have high variability.

Exemplar Theory

Exemplar theory posits that categories are represented by stored instances or examples (exemplars) of category members. New stimuli are categorized based on their similarity to these stored exemplars.

Application: My successful categorization can be explained by exemplar theory if I am storing multiple instances of each symbol pair (e.g., specific examples of @# as Farnut) and using these instances to determine the category of new pairs.

Strength: Exemplar theory can handle variability within categories and explain my performance by suggesting that I compare new pairs with all stored exemplars in memory.

Limitation: The theory requires significant memory capacity to store and compare numerous exemplars, which might be less efficient in cases with large numbers of categories or highly similar pairs.

Conclusion

To summarize, each theory offers a different perspective on my ability to learn and categorize the symbol pairs:

Rescorla-Wagner theory: Limited applicability to abstract categorization tasks but explains associative strength.

Feature theory: Effective in explaining categorization based on distinctive features.

Prototype theory: Useful for understanding categorization based on central tendencies or typical examples.

Exemplar theory: Explains categorization through comparison with stored instances, handling variability well.

My performance in the categorization experiment can be most comprehensively explained by a combination of feature theory and exemplar theory, as these theories directly address the identification and comparison processes involved in learning and applying categories based on specific symbol pairs.

Share This Post

Email
WhatsApp
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Pinterest
Reddit

Order a Similar Paper and get 15% Discount on your First Order

Related Questions

feed back lien

  Nice work presenting the four scales of measurement. Why is it that despite ratio scale being at the highest level of information, is not commonly achieved in research? According to Kline et al. (2005), research aims for interval scale but achieves ordinal level. If I am interested in measuring

Discussion Board

 There are both supporters of and critics of managed care, and the research has been mixed. Discuss at least two pros and cons of managed care. 

discussion board

 Contact a child welfare social worker and interview them about their experiences in their field of practice.  Include these areas in your interview: cultural factors in assessment; legal and policy implications and challenges in practice; and ethical considerations in practice.  Your initial posting should summarize the key points from your

6070-4d

  Post a potential solution to the ethical scenario that draws on ethical leadership and the NASW Code of Ethics. Provide justification for your choices using a specific NASW ethical standard. Additionally, explain the type of power you would utilize in achieving the solution.  (scenario) You have been told that the

Detailed

See attachment Assignment Questions: “What do individuals need to do to be prepared economically for their older years?” · Identify the age that you are starting from and how long this individual will be able to plan for retirement, etc. · Be specific in your responses. Utilize information available on-line,

psych 421

Chapter 5 – Artificially Modeling the mind (200 words) Hello; for this week, please, read chapter 5 and answer the following questions: 1. How do artificial neural network models work alongside neuroscientific techniques to help us study the brain? What do they add to our understanding? 2. Why do you think

feed back prof

 his is a good start but there are some areas that need more detail. I’m going to focus on self-esteem. You mention how others define self-esteem but I’d like you to discuss difficulties in defining self-esteem. Also, how would you define self-esteem after looking at Rosenberg’s scale and others? Do

Discussion

· Discussion 1 · · · Should Russ Saffold intervene to help his team handle this crisis? If so, what type of leadership action should he take, and why? · What leadership actions, if any, should team members take? · What should Russ Saffold do, if anything, to mitigate the

Psychology Can someone help me with my critical thinking homework?

Open Quick Links Quick Links Page Landmarks Content Outline Keyboard Shortcuts Current Location SP25MI Critical Thinking (PHI-300-B) Course Content Week 9 – Conflict Resolution Menu Management Options Course Menu: SP25MI Critical Thinking (PHI-300-B) Getting Started Home Start Here Course Information My Course Annoucements Course Content My Grades Email Collaborate Technical

Psychology Can someone help me with my critical thinking homework?

Open Quick Links Quick Links Page Landmarks Content Outline Keyboard Shortcuts Current Location SP25MI Critical Thinking (PHI-300-B) Course Content Week 9 – Conflict Resolution Menu Management Options Course Menu: SP25MI Critical Thinking (PHI-300-B) Getting Started Home Start Here Course Information My Course Annoucements Course Content My Grades Email Collaborate Technical

world cultures

see attachment  Introduction After the death of Alexander in 323 B.C.E, his empire was divided among his generals. For the next few hundred years the Greek culture settled in the customs of the people it had invaded through Alexander. However, while this was happening the Roman people were starting to

world cultures

see attachment  I nstructions: 1. Look up the consequences of Julius Caesar’s assassination. 2. Come up with a scenario in which Caesar wouldn’t have been assassinated. 3. Think three possibilities of your own and explain why you think those. 4. Submit your assignment in Word and in the space provided

english

see attachment  CRAAP Test: Is Your Source Worthy of Inclusion in Your Essay Research? If you want to succeed at your assignments or research, you should only use quality information. Use the following criteria, also known as the  CRAAP Test, to evaluate any information source critically. Video: Evaluating SourcesLinks to

english

see attachment  CRAAP Test: Is Your Source Worthy of Inclusion in Your Essay Research? If you want to succeed at your assignments or research, you should only use quality information. Use the following criteria, also known as the  CRAAP Test, to evaluate any information source critically. Video: Evaluating SourcesLinks to

english

see attachment  Discussion Etiquette Guidelines: 1. Think and edit before you post. 2. DON’T SHOUT: TYPING IN ALL CAPS IS AGGRESSIVE.  3. Participate, but don’t dominate. 4. Cite your sources. · Imagine sending as a text message one of these guidelines to the main character in a movie who reacted

Psychology

EAB4764 Assessment and Intervention Lecture Engagement: Written Lecture Summary Student Name: Date Completed: Student ID: (41) zoom 0 – YouTube On minute 21:22. After watching the video students must complete. Please answer the questions below in a narrative form. Each answer should be a complete paragraph. 1. What was the main

Psychology

I need help with formatting a disorder fact sheet.  Remove or Replace: Header Is Not Doc Title Neurodiversity Fact Sheet (Include name of the diagnosis in title.) Description of neurodiverse condition: The impact on individuals with the condition: Technique 1 for enhancing learning for (Name the condition and remove this

Discussion Board

 There are both supporters of and critics of managed care, and the research has been mixed. Discuss at least two pros and cons of managed care.