PART A
Copy the below into Word to complete and paste the completed assignment into the grading module.
Learning Objectives
Test Yourself Answer these Learning Objective Questions to improve your retention of the concepts (McDaniel et al., 2009, 2015).
1. What is the place of consciousness in psychology’s history?
2. How does selective attention direct our perceptions?
3. What is the dual processing being revealed by today’s cognitive neuroscience?
Terms and Concepts to Remember
Test Yourself Write down the definition of each word.
consciousness
cognitive neuroscience
selective attention
inattentional blindness
change blindness
dual processing
blindsight
parallel processing
sequential processing
Experience the Testing Effect
Test Yourself Answer the following questions.
1. Failure to see visible objects because our attention is occupied elsewhere is called _________ _________ .
2. We register and react to stimuli outside of our awareness by means of _______ processing. When we devote deliberate attention to stimuli, we use __________ processing.
3. Inattentional blindness is a product of our ____________ attention.
MODULE 9 REVIEW
Sleep and Dreams
Learning Objectives
Test Yourself: Answer these Learning Objective Questions to improve your retention of the concepts (McDaniel et al., 2009, 2015).
1. What is sleep?
2. How do our biological rhythms influence our daily functioning?
3. What is the biological rhythm of our sleeping and dreaming stages?
4. How do biology and environment interact in our sleep patterns?
5. What are sleep’s functions?
6. How does sleep loss affect us, and what are the major sleep disorders?
7. What do we dream, and what functions have theorists proposed for dreams?
Terms and Concepts to Remember
Test Yourself Write down the definition.
sleep
circadian [ser-KAY-dee-an] rhythm
REM sleep
alpha waves
delta waves
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
insomnia
narcolepsy
sleep apnea
REM sleep behavior disorder
night terrors
Dream
manifest content
latent content
REM rebound
Experience the Testing Effect
Test Yourself Answer the following questions.
1. Our body temperature tends to rise and fall in sync with a biological clock, which is referred to as the __________ __________ .
2. During the N1 sleep stage, a person is most likely to experience
a. sleep spindles.
b. hallucinations
c. night terrors or nightmares.
d. rapid eye movements.
3. The brain emits large, slow delta waves during _________________ sleep.
4. As the night progresses, what happens to the REM stage of sleep?
5. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that have been proposed to explain why we need sleep.
a.Sleep has survival value.
b. Sleep helps us recuperate.
c. Sleep rests the eyes.
d. Sleep plays a role in the growth process.
6. What is the difference between narcolepsy and sleep apnea?
7. In interpreting dreams, Freud was most interested in their
a. information-processing function.
b. neurocognitive function.
c. manifest content, or story line.
d. latent content, or hidden meaning.
8. How has activation-synthesis theory been used to explain why we dream?
9. “For what one has dwelt on by day, these things are seen in visions of the night” (Menander of Athens [342–292 b.c.e.], Fragments). How might we use the information-processing perspective on dreaming to interpret this ancient Greek quote?
10. The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation is referred to as ___________ _____________.
MODULE 10 REVIEW
Drugs and Their Effects
Learning Objectives
Test Yourself Answer these repeated Learning Objective Questions to improve your retention of the concepts (McDaniel et al., 2009, 2015).
1. What are
substance use disorders?
1. What roles do tolerance and addiction play in substance use disorders, and how has the concept of
addiction changed?
2. What are
depressants, and what are their effects?
3. What are
stimulants, and what are their effects?
4. What are
hallucinogens, and what are their effects?
5. What are
opioids, and what are their effects?
6. What is
cannabis, and what are its effects?
7. Why do some people become regular users of consciousness-altering drugs?
Terms and Concepts to Remember
Test Yourself
Write down the definition of the words below.
· psychoactive drug
· substance use disorder
· tolerance
· addiction
· withdrawal
· depressants
· alcohol use disorder
· barbiturates
· stimulants
· amphetamines
· nicotine
· cocaine
· methamphetamine
· hallucinogens
· near-death experience
· LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
· Ecstasy (MDMA)
· opioids
· cannabis
· THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol)
Experience the Testing Effect
Test Yourself Answer the following questions.
1. After continued use of a psychoactive drug, the drug user needs to take larger doses to get the desired effect. This is referred to as ______________.
2. The depressants include alcohol and
1.
1. barbiturates.
2. morphine.
3. marijuana
4. ampletamines.
2. Why might alcohol make a person more helpful
or more aggressive?
3. Long-term use of Ecstasy can
1. depress sympathetic nervous system activity.
2. deplete the brain’s supply of epinephrine.
3. deplete the brain’s supply of dopamine.
4. damage serotonin-producing neurons.
4. Near-death experiences are strikingly similar to the experiences evoked by _____________ drugs.
5. Use of cannabis
1. impairs motor coordination, perception, reaction time, and memory.
2. inhibits people’s emotions.
3. leads to dehydration and overheating.
4. stimulates brain cell development.
6. An important psychological contributor to drug use is
1. inflated self-esteem.
2. the feeling that life is meaningless and directionless.
3. a genetic predisposition.
4. overprotective parents.
PART B
1. Steinbock argues that while adultery is a private matter, it is not a morally neutral matter. What does she mean by “private matter” and how is this different from other actions she considers? Why is adultery not a morally neutral matter?
2. What do you think Steinbock’s view on adultery is? Is it morally permissible or not? In one sentence state what you think her conclusion about adultery is in your own words. Give two quotations from the reading that function as premises that support this conclusion.
3. Respond to at least two other students and explain how their reconstruction helped you understand the argument or the skills we are learning in class.
