Our Services

Get 15% Discount on your First Order

[rank_math_breadcrumb]

study guide

looking for help with filling out all the info on this study guide. thanks!

BIOL 260 MICROBIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE: EXAM 3

REPLICATION, PROTEIN SYNTHESIS & MUTATION

1. Compare/contrast the structure and functions of DNA and RNA.

2. Define genetics, gene, genome, chromosome, genotype, and phenotype.

3. Describe the process of DNA replication, including the major enzymes involved.

4. Explain the steps of RNA transcription in bacteria.

5. Explain the steps of protein synthesis (translation).

6. Define base substitution (point mutation): missense, nonsense and silent mutations

7. Define frameshift mutation.

8. Define operon, and explain the various regions: promoter, attenuator (operator), structural genes.

9. Compare constitutive, inducible and repressible operons.

10. Describe the process of gene repression in the trp operon.

11. Describe the process of gene induction in the lac operon.

GENE TRANSFER AND GENETIC ENGINEERING

1. Differentiate between horizontal and vertical gene transfer.

2. Compare the mechanisms of transformation, conjugation and transduction.

· Explain the process of transformation, and what it means for a cell to be competent.

· Define bacteriophage.

· Define F factor, and explain the results of an F+ bacterium contacting an F-.

· Is conjugation in bacteria a sexual process? Why or why not?

3. Define recombinant DNA and give at least 4 examples of genetic engineering. 

4. Define restriction enzymes, and outline how they are used to make recombinant DNA.

5. Describe how recombinant molecules can be introduced into eukaryotes (transfection).

6. Explain the use of gel electrophoresis to separate DNA fragments.

7. Explain the method and uses of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing.

8. Define CRISPR, and explain how it is used in genetic engineering.

VIRUSES AND PRIONS – CHARACTERISTICS AND REPLICATION

1. List the characteristics of viruses.

2. Describe the various ways used to classify viruses.

· Describe the structures and shapes used to identify viruses

· List the various types of nucleic acids that viruses may have.

3. Compare the lytic and lysogenic cycles of bacteriophages.

4. Research phage therapy – bonus assignment.

5. Compare the stages of replication of animal viruses with that of bacteriophages.

6. Describe the difference in the release of an enveloped and a non-enveloped animal virus.

7. Differentiate between latent and chronic viral infections, and give examples of each.

8. Define oncogenic viruses and give examples. What do oncogenic viruses have in common?

9. Explain the function of reverse transcriptase.

10. Define prion and give examples of diseases caused by prions.

11. Explain how prions replicate.

12. Explain how mRNA vaccines work.

VIRAL DISEASES

1. List two ways HIV avoids the host’s antibodies and tell which cells of the immune system are the main target of HIV.

2. Describe difference between antigenic shift and antigenic drift with influenza viruses.

3. For the following viral diseases know – the causative agent, means of transmission, and the signs/symptoms.

A. Common cold

B. Influenza

C. Measles (rubeola)

D. Mumps

E. Rubella (German measles)

F. Chickenpox/Shingles

G. Polio

H. Hepatitis A & B

I. Herpes Simplex I (cold sores/fever blisters)

J. Herpes Simplex II (genital)

K. Small Pox

L. Rabies

M. Rotavirus

N. Mononucleosis/Burkitt’s Lymphoma

O. Warts

P. AIDS

Share This Post

Email
WhatsApp
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Pinterest
Reddit

Order a Similar Paper and get 15% Discount on your First Order

Related Questions

Scenario 111

Scenario: You have been an investigator for the St. Louis Police Department for many years. Recent surges in cyber crime have caused your police department to consider developing a cyber crime task force to combat the rising number of cyber thefts in St. Louis County jurisdictions. The police commissioner recognizes

First Aid Safety Ltd.

Enrol in a food safety course with First Aid Safety to safeguard your family. Acquire the fundamental know-how to create a kitchen free of hazards. Join FirstaidSafety.co.uk now!

Discussion

 Instructions: Review this brief clip (http://www.learner.org/resources/series142.html) and discuss as a the new information you learned and how this information complements the textbook’s discussion of Alzheimer’s. Provide at least  a 5-7 sentences response to the clip. Be sure that your response includes your personal insight and not necessarily insight of other

Tutor Needed

Please see attachments.  Provide a broad outline of the type of Eldertopia you believe will be ideal. Discuss specific areas that you want to focus on (physical activity, access to healthcare, activities, work, socialization, financial issues, etc.) and brainstorm your ideal Eldertopia. This is informal and doesn’t have to be

Assistance

See Attachments Use the three attachments to complete the following: Document 1 Title: Click or tap here to enter text. Type of document: Click or tap here to enter text. Year created: Click or tap here to enter text. Who likely read this document? Click or tap here to enter

Game of all ages

  Which games are suitable for all ages? slope game ask. ShareGPT-4o & web access Choose another model to answer TranslateCalendarDocumentMindmapMermaidFormArtifactsAllMonica  

Health

There are two different assignments First -253 Instructions: After reading the assignment below, In essay form (minimum one page), you are to comment on the validity of the budgeting game, but most importantly, describe how you as an individual supervisor might be able to break out of the “game” and submit an

A6660

 how healthcare leaders must invest in and implement human resource strategies and solutions to address HR trends. 

P

 Quantified, how big is this problem? Is it local or global?

P

 Quantified, how big is this problem? Is it local or global?

L5D

CHECK FILE Lab DS: Digestive System ALL DIAGRAMS ARE NOT INCLUDED EXCEPT THE LAST PAGE Key Terms Digestive System Structures Alimentary canal (gastrointestinal tract) _________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Accessory organ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Peritoneal cavity ____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gastroesophageal sphincter ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Pyloric sphincter ____________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Duodenum ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jejunum ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ileum ________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIS 55

  One of the assumptions of classical behavioral therapy is that humans can be “trained”, just like animals. If that is the case, what do counselors need to be cautious of when using behavioral therapy so they don’t simply “manipulate” clients? (CACREP 2024, 3.E.1, 3.E.8)

CSE MAN 5

 Please respond to Part I and Part II: Recording a Client Contact in Summers Chapter 23 p. 405.  Be prepared to discuss these cases in class time permitting.  

SC1

Piedmont Area GA Summary Considered the nonmountainous portion of the old Appalachians Highland by physiographers, the northeast-southwest trending Piedmont ecoregion comprises a transitional area between the mostly mountainous ecoregions of the Appalachians to the northwest and the relatively flat coastal plain to the southeast. It is a complex mosaic of

Algrbra 1

i have trouble with Alagbra 1 and was wondering if you could tutor me

urin6

check doc The Urinary System Chapter After reading and studying this chapter, the successful student should be able to: 1. Name and describe the organs of the urinary system and discuss the major functions of the system. 2. Describe the gross structural features of the kidneys. 3. Describe the internal